https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index en-au 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51008 1.0 for Cu and Pb in our study. We conclude that elevated Pb concentrations in paddy soils may be a factor in exposing people to harmful levels of this heavy metal over a prolonged period via the food chain, which can lead to chronic human health effects. While this study does not provide evidence that Pb causes CKDu, further research is indicated to assess the effects of excess intake of Pb and ill-health. However, our previously published research had indicated that the Pb content in rice grain exceeded WHO’s permissible limit for rice of 0.2 mg/kg. Since rice generated in these regions is transported throughout the country, health recommendations must be provided to everyone on how to process the rice for safe consumption. Based on the results, we propose implementing protective measures to reduce dietary Pb intake through rice and other means, to prevent adverse chronic health effects. We also recommend monitoring both the rice-growing topsoil and rice grains for contaminant metal accumulation, as a public health and harm prevention measure.]]> Tue 15 Aug 2023 15:36:11 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47379 Mon 16 Jan 2023 13:46:54 AEDT ]]>